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M. PY. WILLIAMS. BREAKING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

No, 604,485. Patented May 24,1898..

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(No Modem 3 sheetssheen 2;

M. I. WILLIAMS.

' BREAKING MACHINE.

Patented May 24, 1898.-

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(No Model i 3 sheets-sheen 3.

-' M. I'. WILLIAMS.

BREAKING MACHINE.

- No. 604,485. Patented May 2.4.1898.

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, i UNTED' STATES PATENT i OFFICE.;

MILTON F.`VVILLIAMS, OF 'S11-LOUIS, MISSOURLASSIGNOR 4TO'THE WILLIAMS PATENT CRUSHER PULYERIZER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

4 eREAKiNc-MAoi-UNE.

' SPECIFICATION raming part 0f Lettersratit No. 604,485, dated may 2 4, 199s.

. Application filed July 17,1897. Serial No. 644,893. (No model.) l

To all whom it may con/cern:

y" Be it known that I, MILTON F. WILLIAMS;

a citizen of the United-States, residing at the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, 'have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Breaking-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as l will enable others skilled inthe'art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being-had to the accompanying drawings, forming part'of this specification, in whichy Figure l is a rear elevational view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 isacross-sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is a similar view showing an adjustable breaker-plate. Fig. 4

is a top plan view, the hammers being omitted and the feed end of the machine being shown in section on line 4 4f, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal sectional view of the entire machine. Fig. 6 is a top4 plan view of the same, the cover being removed'. Fig. 7 is a detail view of one ofA the vertical arrestingffingers. Fig. 8 is a detail view of a portion of one of the bar-supports.; Fig. 9 is a view of a removable cage adapted lto be placed in the rear end of the machine. Fig. 10 is a detail view of a portion of a blind for said cage, and Fig. 1l is a detail view of one of thebars. v

v This invention relates toa new and useful improvement in breaking-machines, but by obvious modiii'cations the machine may be adapted for use in crushing and pulverizing materials. n

Y l-The object of this invention is to construct a machine of the character describedin such manner that materials, such as wood, dac.,

l may be eectually broken with an expenditure of very little power, the machine used in breaking the materials being cheap in construction and simple in operation.

- The purposeV of breaking or splintering wood is to render the same suitable for fuel withthe expenditure of little manual labor. The machine is very useful for this purpose in tobacco-factories and `other places Where the barrels or hogsheads'are destroyed and used for fuel. l-Ieretoforefit has been the practice to cut these fuel-staves with a chopping-machi ne, the stavesbeing manually ma-V disintegrate the material after it-leaves the breaker-plate, a series of bars against which the material is crushed by the hammers, and

a series of fingers arranged at right angles to the path of the hammers, between Which'the material is forced by the hammers when it is broken. v

Other features of invention reside in the construction, arrangement, and combination Vof the several parts, all as will hereinafter be described land afterward pointed out in the claims. In the drawings, A indicates a suitable casing, preferably comprising twoside plates which support a shaft B, said shaft hav-ing arranged on its ends suitable iiy-wheels and driving-pulleys for obvious purposes. C indicates hammer-supports strung on-a shaft between the side plates of the machine, said hammer supports being preferably grooved, as at c, and carrying between them pivoted hammers D, said hammers being arranged between the supports and mounted on through-bolts d, so that'each hammer maybe independently movable and held in a radial position by centrifugal force due to the rapid rotation of the shaft B and its carried llammer-supports.

E indicates a breaker-plate arranged at the front end of the-machine and tangentially disposed to the striking-points of the hammers.

The material is fed into the machine on this breaker-plate and is primarily crushed by the hamm ers striking the material `before it leaves the lower end of said brealrcrplate.

. F indicates fingers arranged at an angle to thepathof. the Astrilring-points of the ham-- F rigidly in position.

mers. These fingers are so disposed relative said ngers. The lower ends of saidiingers to each other and to the hammers that the striking-points oi the hammers will pass between said fingers in their revolutions. These lingers are preferably mounted in a block F', made sufficiently strong to sustain the iin gers Then-the ends of the lingers become worn or for any reason it is desired to project the inner ends farther into the machine, such adjustment may be accomplished by withdrawing the through-boltj and insertingit into a diftereutopening in the rear ends of the tinge rs F. '.This through-bolt f holds the fingers in position against 'longif tudinal movement.

G indicates an imperforate concave concentrically arranged relative to the path of the hammers and located beneath the-iingers F, said concave being formed by part of the sup'- porting-block F' or having its upper end abut? ting thereagainst if. the concave is made as a separate piece.V It desired, theworking face of this concave may be transversely serrated, v as shown by dotted lines in Fi g. 5, to hold the material beingoperated to the action of the hammers.

' I-I indicates a bar-support secured to the side framing of the machine, there being preferably two of these bar-supports in themachine, one at the front end and the other at the rear end. These bar-supports, as shown more clearly in Fig. 8, comprise two end pieces or heads and two cross-pieces connectingr said heads, said .cross -pieces extending transversely the machine an d being arranged above and'below the bars'when-the bars are in positio-n'.

I indicates bars mounted in the bar-supports II. These bars are so constructed that their ends are reduced in thickness, as shown in Fig. 1l, while their middle portions, as at '12,*

are increased in thickness at the point where the hammers most nearly approach said bars. The ends of these bars are spaced by suitable' washers 'i' between the heads of the bar-supports I-I, said washers and the ends of the bars being strung on through-boltsi", which pass -through ears 7L of the heads of the bar-supports II. These through-bolts assist in supporting the bars II, but are not depended upon entirely for `this purpose, as the. lower ofthe transverse counectingspieees of the bar effectively supports the ends of the bars.

J indicates vertically-disposed iingers arranged between the bars L and engaging the hammer-supports C. These fingers are also arranged so that the hammers pass between them, breaking any material which may have lodged against said fingers. These 'fingers have tongues 7' -on their upper ends, which it into the peripheral grooves c on the hammersupports, so that `the upper ends of said iingers are separated and prevented from moving laterally or becoming displaced by reason of the great strain placed thereon when the hammersarc breakin g material lodged against are formed `vwith-openings or perforations through which pass through-bolts A y".and i",

the former also passing through the thickf cned portion ot the bars I and the latter passing through the fingers, and suitable spacingwashers placed between the side framing..

The rear of the machine above the bars I is composed of transverselydisposed bars K. con'centrically arranged relative to the path of the hammers. These bars K start'from a point immediately above the bars I and -terminate short of the cover L of the machine, which cover L may be hinged Ior bolted in position, as may be desired, and whose function is well understood. In Fig. 5 Ihave shown these bars K as being mounted directly in the side fra-ming of the machine; but it is obvious ythat they may be arranged in cage form, as shown in Fig. Q, which will enable their insertion and removal at will, whereby bars placed at different distances apart may be used as desired. I prefer to form a curved rib a on the inside framing of the machine to accommodate this removable cage when samev is used.y It may also be desired to prevent the broken particles of some materials from passing out'the rearend of the machine, and in order to close the rear endI may introduce a slide M, (shown in. Fig. 10,) which slide will rest on the rib a and prevent any material escaping from the bars K froml passing out.

From the above description. the operation ofthe machine is obvious. ing introduced on the breaker-'plate will be primarily crushed by the 'hammers en said IOO The material bebreaker-plate and when passing over the iingers F will be disintegrated and shredded or splintered, dependent upon the'nature of the material introduced into thefmachine. Atterl the material leavesthe fingers F 'it is pressed or crushed against the imperforate concave G until delivered onto the bars I. After being delivered on the barsI any material attempting to get through said bars leaving an IIO end projecting into the machine such piece of material will be moved to the rear by the action of the hammers until it is arrested by the reduction of space between the bars, due to the increased thickness of the same, when the 'hammers will operate upon said projecting piece of material and break the same.

The hammers operate in a vertical plane abovethe bars I, and forthat reason the materialI operated upon by the hammers when in the machine is supported by the bars and more thoroughly disintegrated, shredded, or brokenA than it wouldbe if .the hammers operated above the space between the bars. Any material not reduced to a sufficient degrec of iineness to pass between the lbars I after passing through the above operation is liable to be arrested by the ngers J andheld to the action of the hammers. After being broken across the fingers ,I if the material is stillnot of' sufficient fineness to pass between the bars I or the bars yK if the slide'M is not present will be further acted upon Vby the hammers on the bars K'; but any material remaining in the machine after passing beyond the bars K it is obvious that it will be carried around by the hammers-and subjected to the same operations until it is reduced in size suicient to permit its passage between the bars I or the bars K. 4

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown a modified form of breaker-plate which may advanta geously be usedin some cases if the material to be operated upon is moist.

This breakerplate is hollowand forms a steam-chest into which suitable pipes may be led to `intro duce steam, the water of condensation being carrieddoi by suitable pipes. I prefer,'also, to make this form of breaker-plate adjustable toward or from the path of the strikingpoints of the hammers, and to accomplish this I provide two or more lugs which pass through the supporting-block and introduce wedges in front of said supporting-block to hold' the breaker-plate irmlyin position on lthe supporting-block.' The adjustment of the breaker-plate is accomplished byM the introduction and removal of liners, which may 'be .inserted or` removed from between ythe breaker-plate and the supporting-block.

I am aware that many minor changes in the construction, arrangement, and combination of the several parts of my machine can be madeand substituted'for those herein shown anddescribed without in the least departing' from the nature and principle of my, invention. Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,.is v

1. The combination with pivoted, revolving hammers, of an adjustable breaker-plate, and

fingers, arranged 'below said breaker --plate, "and projecting between the paths of the hammers; substantially as described.

2. rIfhe combination with pivoted, revolving hammers, of an adj ustable breaker-plate, and adjustable fingers 4projecting below said breaker-plate betweenthe paths of the ham'- mers; substantially as described.

3. In a crusher, the combination with pivoted revolving hammers, of a breaker-plate,

a supporting-block therefor, a lug formed on said breaker-plate and extending through a project into the spaces between' the paths' of .I

' the hammers, said iin gers, in conjunction with -t-he hammers, acting upon Vthe material after at the points where the hammers most nearly .Y

- approach said bars, barsupports forsupporting the endsof said bars, and fingers clamped between the thickened portion of said bars,- said fingers engaging the hammer-supports; substantially as described.

f 6. The combination with a suitable casing, of a hammer-shaft mounted therein, pivoted hammers carried by said shaft, bar-supports comprising heads which are connected by parallel cross-pieces, bars mounted in said bar-supportsbetween theparallel cross-pieces, spacers between said bars, and through-bolts for clamping said parts in position, substantially as described.

. 7. The combination with'pivoted, revolving hammers, and bars or ngers projecting between the path of the hammers and engaging the peripheries of the hammer-supports substantiallyas'described. y

8. The combination with pivoted, revolving hammers, of- 'revolving supports therefor, said supports being formed with peripheral grooves, and fingers which extend between said hammers, said fingers being formed with tongues fitting into the grbpoves on the hammerfsupport's; substantially as described.

9. The combination with pivoted, revolving hammers, of their supports, bars I coperat' ing with said hammers, and fingers .I securedbetween the bars I, engaging said hammerysupports and coperating with said hammers; substantially as described.

10. The combination with pivoted revolving hammers, of longitudinally 4 disposed bars,

'a concentrically arranged series of transversely-disposed bars located at the rearend of the machine and above the bars rst mentioned, all 'of said bars cooperating with the.

hammers, the spaces between said bars 'affording an escape for the material when it is reduced to the proper size, and a curved blind which is fitted in' concentrically-arran ged grooves behind the transversely-disposed bars for preventing the escape of material between saidbars, substantially as described.

1l. The combination with pivoted revolving hammers, of a breaker-plate tangentially arranged relative to the path of said hammers, and with the lower end of which breaker-plate said hammers coperate, of a concave arranged below said breaker-plate and forming a continuation thereof, transversely-disposed co1- rugations or seri-ations on the working face @t IIC - 5 surface beyondsaid concave, substanf-ially'asv Witnesses:

said concave, adjustable fingers arrangedsbesignature, in the presence of- -two Witnesses tween the breaker-plate and concave, lsaid. t'his 12th day of J uly, 1897. nOers projectino' inwardly between the paths y, of he hammers nd bars forninga grinding- MILTON F' VILLIAMS described. F. R. CORNWALL,

In testimony whereof I hereunto 'ax my HUGH K. WAGNER. 

